Background: Hydrofluoric acid and other fluorine compounds are used in different industries worldwide. Fluoride ion bonding with CALCIUM and Magnesium ions interferes with cell enzymatic systems and causes cell death. Any hesitation in diagnosis and treatment can lead to irreversible injuries in exposed individuals.Material & Method: This cross - sectional study was conducted on 74 workers who had occupational exposure to Hydrofluoric acid. After dermal contamination, treatment procedures at the time of exposure and later in the medical center included decontamination with water, topical application of CALCIUM GLUCONATE GEL 2.5% and/or Benzalkonium Chloride solution. Workers and physicians were asked to fill in separate questionnaires providing data on the type and extent of burn and treatment procedures. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical methods in SPSS data bank.Results: 56 cases (75.7%) had carried out decontamination with water and 24 cases (32.4%) had applied CALCIUM GLUCONATE GEL immediately after exposure. In the clinic, treatment procedures included: decontamination for 46 cases (62.16%) and CALCIUM GLUCONATE GEL for 70 cases (94.59%). More than 80% of burns were first degree at the time visited by physician and no complications observed in later follow-ups.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the initial washing with water and application of CALCIUM GLUCONATE GEL 2.5% at the time of exposure and later in the medical center is an effective and acceptable method in HF burn.

The radiography showed localized soft tissue calcification of which the possible diagnoses were: soft tissue tumor with calcified features, a metastatic calcification in the setting of abnormal CALCIUM or phosphorus metabolism,¹ and an old infection such as a calcified granuloma. In this case there was history of injection of intramuscular CALCIUM compound. The main diagnostic clues were in her history of intramuscular injection and radiographic finding of the hip. No specific major illness was found upon clinical evaluation. She had three intramuscular injections (30 mL total volume), of CALCIUM GLUCONATE (10% solution) weekly for three times in her left buttock….

Aim: The quantity of root resorption was measured after injections ofPGE2 alone and with CALCIUM GLUCONATE during orthodontic tooth movement.Materials & Method: A group of 24, male Wistar rats, 8 week - old were randomly placed into 3 groups.Orthodontic appliance consisted of a Closed Coil Spring ligated to the first upper right molar and incisor of the same side, applying a 60-gr force. The control group had localized injections of distilled water on the buccal gingiva of the upper right first molar. In the second experimental group, 0.1 ml of Imgr/ml PGE2 was injected at the same place, while the third group received IP injection of 200mg/kg CALCIUM GLUCONATE (10%) beside the PGE2. All injections were performed on day 1 and 7. Animals were sacrificed on the day 21. Palatal halves of both sides in the Control group (right side as control and left side as normal) were removed for histological process with the right palatal halves of the other groups. Root resorption was calculated on the mesial root surface of the right molar by sum of the resorptive surfaces, multiplying the deepest depth and the Largest Length of the resorptive surfaces. The data were analysed by Kruskal- Wallis and Multiple Range tests.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the 4 groups, except for the normal group and the PGE2 group. PGE2 as a mediator of orthodontic movement, enhanced the root resorption following the remodeling process in respect to the teeth that were not moved orthodontically. Conclusion: The judicious use of local and systemic biochemical agents which alter remodeling of periodontal tissues, in conjunction with orthodontic treatment appears to have less side effects during the treatment. Transient systemic hypoparathy roidism following the CALCIUM content injections seemed to decrease the trend towards root resorption in comparison to PGE2 group.

Introduction & Objective: Hypocalcaemia is a common metabolic disorder during neonatal period that affects up to 30% of preterm infants. Hypocalcaemia has significant importance because it exaggerates several serious neonatal problems such as intraventricular hemorrhage, and their long term complications such as mental retardation and physical disability.Materials & Methods: We conducted a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial study of 80 preterm infants to examine the effect of CALCIUM GLUCONATE infusion to prevent neonatal hypocalcemia. These infants were randomly divided in two groups of 40 each. Over 60 minutes of birth, blood sample was taken and then were received an intravenous infusion of either CALCIUM GLUCONATE (100 mg/kg) or placebo (normal saline solution), and total serum CALCIUM concentration was measured at 24, 48, and 72 hours after birth.Results: After assessment of the results, 16 hypocalcemic infants were found in the group that received CALCIUM GLUCONATE and 22 instances in the control group.Conclusion: We concluded that a single dose infusion of CALCIUM GLUCONATE in preterm infants isn't effective in prevention of symptomatic or asymptomatic early neonatal hypocalcemia (even tough from clinical view is effective), as well as decreasing the duration of infant's hospitalization.

This study was designed to evaluate quantitatively the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) following injection of PGE2 with and without CALCIUM GLUCONATE and its comparison to OTM without consumption of any drug. 24 male wistar rats (8 weeks old, body weight = 230-300 gr.) were divided randomly into 3 groups. A similar appliance (closed coil spring) was used for all groups. The closed coil spring was tied to upper right first molar which was then pulled (force equal to 60 gr.) and tied to the right incisor. The first group did not receive any drug. The second group received submucosal injection of PGE2 (0.1 ml of 1mg/ml) on days zero and seven. The third group received an IM injection of CALCIUM GLUCONATE (200 mg/kg) in addition to the PGE2. All of the animals were sacrificed and the distance between the upper right first and second molars were measured by special gauge on the twenty-first day. Results indicated that the average rank was as follows: control group=7.94, PGE2 group = 16.25, and PGE2 + CALCIUM GLUCONATE= 15.63. There was a statistically significant difference amongst the medians at the 95.0% confidence level (P<0.05). To determine which medians are significantly different from others, Box-and- Whisker Plot was selected to be carried out with selecting the median notch option. It is concluded that: prostaglandin E 2 can increase tooth movement as a primary messenger. CALCIUM injection redues root and bone as well as reducing resorption the level of tooth movement.

Background: Blood exchange is one of therauputic methods for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. But this method has some complications. One of these complications is hypocalcemia. In some studies, for avoiding from this problem, CALCIUM GLUCONATE injection is recomm ended. But in some studies there was any important difference between CALCIUM treated group and the group without CALCIUM prescription.Due to lack of documented evidences about prevalence of this complication, this study was conducted to compare the result of using CALCIUM GLUCONATE injection in the incidence of hypocalcemia and hyper calcemia.Methods and materials: For this purpose in a randomized controlled clinical trial in Ali_ Asghar pediatric hospital in Zahedan, 40 hyperbilirubin neonates that were hospitalized for blood exchange came into this study. These patients were randomized in two groups so that they were adjusted in terms and preterm delivery. For 22 patients, 1 ml of CALCIUM glucdnate%10 was injected in each 100 ml exchanged blood and for 18 patients (control group), CALCIUM injection wasn’t been done. CALCIUM serum level was tested before, immediately after and 6 hours after blood exchange in all patients. Data analysis was been done by means of fishers exact test, Chi_ Square and Binomial test.Results: In CALCIUM treated patients, hypocalcaemia wasn’t being present after blood exchange. But in non _ CALCIUM treated patients hypo calcemia was seen in 4 cases(%22.4) after blood exchange (P<0.013). All of these 4 cases were preterm. In CALCIUM treated patients hypocalcaemia had a significant increase after exchange especially in term neonates (P<0.028).Conclusions: On the base of these results, in preterm neonates, CALCIUM GLUCONATE injection after blood transfusion exchange is recommended. But this procedure isn’t necessary in term newborns because may result in hyper calcemia.

Four hundred and eighty mixed-sex broiler chicks aged 3 hrs after hatching were allotted according to a completely random design in a 6 × 2 × 2 factorial schedule into 2 groups of 12 replications of 20 chicks each. The main experimental factors were fasting for 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hrs after chick placement, CALCIUM GLUCONATE (Ca-glu) injection (0 and 0.6 mL) and sex (male and female). Independent of sex, live body weight (BW) of chicks decreased linearly (Y=43.36-0.109BW0h, r2=0.876) as neonatal fasting extended. Injection of 0.6 mL Ca-glu at 3 hrs post hatching did not affect weight loss of chicks. Yolk residuals (YR) utilized linearly (Y=5.75-0.062YR, r2=0.956) by 0.062 g/hr in neonate fasted chicks showing no effect for Ca-glu injection. Neonatal fasting periods longer than 12 hrs increased liver weight (P<0.05). The mean absolute and proportional (% of BW0h) breast and leg weight were reduced linearly as neonatal fasting extended (P<0.05). Serum glucose concentration in both sexes increased up to 6 hrs fasting, then reduced linearly to 150 mg/dL after 48 hrs feed withdrawal. The Caglu treatment influenced serum glucose level for a short period up to 6 hrs of fasting. Serum Ca concentration sharply increased up to threefold in the birds received Ca-glu injection resulting in acute hypercalcemia, then decreased to the initial level after 24 hrs feed withdrawal. The mean serum level for creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, HDL, albumins and total proteins significantly increased during the fasting periods of 6 to 48 hrs and significantly elevated in the birds received 0.6 mL Ca-glu injection compared with the non treated chicks. It was concluded that subcutaneous administration of 0.6 mL Ca-glu in the chick's neck did not suitably support the increased metabolic demands for glucose and CALCIUM in feed deprived neonate chicks.

Background: Administration of Protamine sulfate for heparin neutralization after cardiopulmonary bypass may be associated with adverse reactions such as transient hypotension to cardiovascular collapse. Although catastrophic events are rare and occur only in 2.6% of cardiac surgeries, it is associated with adverse postoperative outcome. The aim of this study is to investigate whether bolus administration of CALCIUM GLUCONATE can minimize the adverse hemodynamic effects of protamine.Patients and Methods: This randomized clinical trial (RCT) prospective study was conducted between Feb. 2006 to Dec. 2008. The patients were randomly allocated into three groups including group A (42 patients) who received only protamine after weaning from cardiopulmonary, group B (44 patients) concomitantly treated with protamine sulfate and CALCIUM GLUCONATE, and group C (40 patients) receiving CALCIUM GLUCONATE 5 minutes before administration of protamine. Hemodynamic variables such as systolic and diastolic blood pressures, mean of arterial pressure, central venous pressure and heart rate were obtained 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 minutes after protamine administration from each group.Results: Systolic blood pressure in groups A (control) and C (CALCIUM administration before protamine) 0,2,4,6,8 and 10 minutes after protamine administration initially decreased and increased subsequently (P=0.228). Also no statistically significant difference was found in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and heart rate (HR) in 0,2,4,6,8, and 10 minutes in any of the three groups. Conclusion: In our study, hemodynamic changes in 10 minutes after protamine administration for heparin neutralization in patients with good left ventricular systolic function after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery were mild, and prophylactic CALCIUM GLUCONATE administration concurrent with or before protamine injection was not recommended.

Introduction: The most common cause of knee pain is knee osteoarthritis, many surgical and non-surgical treatments have been proposed but the preferred treatment remains unknown. One of the non-surgical treatments was PRP (plasma reach platate) injection in these patients. Various studies have shown the improvement of the effect of PRP injection with substances such as CALCIUM GLUCONATE, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectof PRP with and without CALCIUM GLUCONATE on the clinical results of intra-articular injection of this substance in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This was a cohort study in which patients were divided into two groups: PRP injection and PRP injection with CALCIUM GLUCONATE. The results of the study were evaluated by KOOS questionnaire and pain by VAS. A significance level of 0. 05 was considered. Result: Generally, during the study, the pain level in patients after receiving both treatments significantly decreased during the six-month period, while the pain in the case group significantly decreased. (P Value <0. 05). Discussion: From the results of this study, it can be concluded that simultaneous injection of PRP and CALCIUM GLUCONATE can further improve the results of injection.

Introduction: The prevalence of diseases related to high fat and low CALCIUM diets have caused the increase of consumers’ demand as well as recommendations of international scientific organizations on consuming low-fat and CALCIUM fortified food products. The main objective of this research is producing a low fat, CALCIUM fortified meat product as a healthy and functional food.Materials and Methods: In this study, a dietary corn bran fiber, named z-trim (1.2% and 1.7%) and CALCIUM GLUCONATE (20% RDA) were used to reduce fat and enrich sausages, respectively. Chemical (fat, protein, moisture, CALCIUM, ash and pH), physical (texture and color) and sensory properties of samples were analyzed.Results: The results indicated a decrease of 34-63% fat and an increase of 88.74-88.82% CALCIUM respectively as compared to control. In addition, the samples which were treated only with z-trim had a softer texture, while a combined treatment of z-trim and CALCIUM GLUCONATE resulted in a product similar to control, in respect of texture.Conclusion: In this study, a new formulation for producing a healthy meat product with lower fat and higher dietary fiber and CALCIUM content as a functional food was introduced.